Can-do goal

You can hear, distinguish, read and type the target patterns in 濁音・半濁音.

How it works

Dakuten ゛changes k→g, s→z, t→d and h→b. Handakuten ゜changes the h-row to p. ぢ and づ are uncommon and are usually pronounced like じ and ず in standard Japanese.

Meaningful contrast

Compare か／が, さ／ざ, た／だ, は／ば／ぱ. The marks are part of the character, so missing them can change the word.

Practice sequence

1. Listen without looking.
2. Imitate the timing aloud.
3. Read the displayed form.
4. Type it from sound or romaji without choices.
5. Mix it with earlier material.

Mastery task

Complete recognition, listening and active recall with at least five attempts and 80% accuracy in each mode. Recheck the contrasts on a later day.